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1、前語
動(dong)力(li)(li)(li)缺少問(wen)(wen)題(ti)已成為當(dang)今引人(ren)注意圖問(wen)(wen)題(ti)。在(zai)1979年(nian)(nian)聯合國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)召開(kai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)維也納科學促進開(kai)展會議上(shang),動(dong)力(li)(li)(li)被列為人(ren)類面對的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)四大(da)問(wen)(wen)題(ti)動(dong)力(li)(li)(li)、糧食、人(ren)口、環(huan)境(jing)之(zhi)一。現(xian)(xian)在(zai),我(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)經(jing)濟正處(chu)在(zai)高速開(kai)展期,動(dong)力(li)(li)(li)需求也正快速增長,城鄉建(jian)(jian)造與動(dong)力(li)(li)(li)供需矛盾非常杰出,特(te)別是(shi)修(xiu)(xiu)建(jian)(jian)領域中的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)修(xiu)(xiu)建(jian)(jian)業(ye)(ye)和(he)住宅產業(ye)(ye)是(shi)動(dong)力(li)(li)(li)耗(hao)費大(da)戶。怎么處(chu)理(li)動(dong)力(li)(li)(li)缺少問(wen)(wen)題(ti),就現(xian)(xian)在(zai)來講(jiang),節(jie)(jie)約動(dong)力(li)(li)(li)是(shi)處(chu)理(li)當(dang)前(qian)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)際(ji)動(dong)力(li)(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)首要(yao)任務,其中修(xiu)(xiu)建(jian)(jian)節(jie)(jie)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)已成為國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)節(jie)(jie)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)戰略(lve)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重要(yao)組(zu)成部(bu)分。修(xiu)(xiu)建(jian)(jian)節(jie)(jie)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)包(bao)含新建(jian)(jian)修(xiu)(xiu)建(jian)(jian)節(jie)(jie)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)和(he)既(ji)有(you)(you)(you)修(xiu)(xiu)建(jian)(jian)節(jie)(jie)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)改造。真實(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)修(xiu)(xiu)建(jian)(jian)耗(hao)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)大(da)戶是(shi)既(ji)有(you)(you)(you)修(xiu)(xiu)建(jian)(jian),由于既(ji)有(you)(you)(you)修(xiu)(xiu)建(jian)(jian)物(wu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)數量(liang)非常巨大(da),并且(qie)大(da)多(duo)數既(ji)有(you)(you)(you)修(xiu)(xiu)建(jian)(jian)物(wu)沒有(you)(you)(you)任何節(jie)(jie)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)辦法,其保溫(wen)隔(ge)熱(re)功(gong)用差、設備體系(xi)功(gong)率低(di),導(dao)致采溫(wen)暖制(zhi)冷能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)耗(hao)糟蹋嚴峻。而大(da)部(bu)分新建(jian)(jian)修(xiu)(xiu)建(jian)(jian)物(wu),經(jing)過近幾(ji)年(nian)(nian)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)努力(li)(li)(li)都到達節(jie)(jie)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)方針,有(you)(you)(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)區域已開(kai)始施行(xing)節(jie)(jie)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)方案。所(suo)以(yi)說,既(ji)有(you)(you)(you)修(xiu)(xiu)建(jian)(jian)節(jie)(jie)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)改造是(shi)我(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)修(xiu)(xiu)建(jian)(jian)節(jie)(jie)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)要(yao)害。假如在(zai)這方面只考(kao)慮新建(jian)(jian)修(xiu)(xiu)建(jian)(jian)物(wu)節(jie)(jie)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng),不考(kao)慮既(ji)有(you)(you)(you)修(xiu)(xiu)建(jian)(jian)節(jie)(jie)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)改造,那么修(xiu)(xiu)建(jian)(jian)節(jie)(jie)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)實(shi)際(ji)成效也只能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)限定在(zai)很小范圍(wei)內(nei),所(suo)以(yi)加強既(ji)有(you)(you)(you)修(xiu)(xiu)建(jian)(jian)節(jie)(jie)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)改造的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)研討迫在(zai)眼前(qian)。
2、既有修建現狀
新建(jian)(jian)修(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)建(jian)(jian)到達國家修(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)建(jian)(jian)節(jie)能(neng)(neng)(neng)規范(fan)比較容(rong)易,由于規劃(hua)規劃(hua)假如(ru)達不到要(yao)(yao)求,有(you)(you)關部門就不給(gei)批閱(yue)。而既(ji)(ji)有(you)(you)修(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)建(jian)(jian)物(wu),因締造(zao)(zao)年代(dai)不同(tong)、修(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)建(jian)(jian)結構(gou)(gou)體系(xi)不同(tong),其改(gai)造(zao)(zao)形(xing)式不同(tong)很大(da)(da)、涉及的(de)要(yao)(yao)素許多(duo),節(jie)能(neng)(neng)(neng)改(gai)造(zao)(zao)難度相(xiang)當大(da)(da),對(dui)此那就要(yao)(yao)加大(da)(da)投人從各個(ge)方(fang)面加以研討。并且(qie)大(da)(da)多(duo)數的(de)既(ji)(ji)有(you)(you)修(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)建(jian)(jian)其保(bao)溫隔熱(re)功(gong)用差,設備體系(xi)功(gong)率低,導致(zhi)采(cai)溫暖制冷能(neng)(neng)(neng)耗(hao)糟蹋嚴峻。既(ji)(ji)有(you)(you)修(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)建(jian)(jian)節(jie)能(neng)(neng)(neng)改(gai)造(zao)(zao)要(yao)(yao)點在于進步修(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)建(jian)(jian)物(wu)的(de)圍護(hu)結構(gou)(gou)的(de)保(bao)溫、隔熱(re)功(gong)用,削減修(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)建(jian)(jian)采(cai)暖制冷所需的(de)動力耗(hao)費,然(ran)后使該修(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)建(jian)(jian)能(neng)(neng)(neng)耗(hao)到達國家節(jie)能(neng)(neng)(neng)規范(fan)。所以對(dui)既(ji)(ji)有(you)(you)修(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)建(jian)(jian)的(de)節(jie)能(neng)(neng)(neng)改(gai)造(zao)(zao),就要(yao)(yao)對(dui)修(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)建(jian)(jian)物(wu)外圍護(hu)結構(gou)(gou)和(he)采(cai)暖供(gong)熱(re)體系(xi)進行全面節(jie)能(neng)(neng)(neng)改(gai)造(zao)(zao)。既(ji)(ji)有(you)(you)修(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)建(jian)(jian)現(xian)在存在以下(xia)首要(yao)(yao)問題。
3、玻璃幕墻的節能原理
在(zai)進行(xing)修(xiu)(xiu)建施工(gong)的(de)時(shi)(shi)(shi)分是運用(yong)玻(bo)璃(li)(li)幕(mu)墻(qiang)現已成(cheng)為(wei)了現代修(xiu)(xiu)建行(xing)業的(de)一項開展趨勢(shi),人們在(zai)修(xiu)(xiu)建施工(gong)的(de)時(shi)(shi)(shi)分運用(yong)玻(bo)璃(li)(li)幕(mu)墻(qiang)首要是由于它的(de)節(jie)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)功用(yong)。玻(bo)璃(li)(li)是一種通(tong)明(ming)(ming)(ming)的(de)資(zi)料,它能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)夠(gou)(gou)使(shi)熱(re)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)進行(xing)傳(chuan)(chuan)遞,首要是經(jing)過(guo)對(dui)流、輻(fu)(fu)(fu)射(she)和(he)傳(chuan)(chuan)導來(lai)(lai)進行(xing)。在(zai)玻(bo)璃(li)(li)進行(xing)傳(chuan)(chuan)熱(re)的(de)時(shi)(shi)(shi)分,除了這三種方法,還(huan)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)夠(gou)(gou)經(jing)過(guo)太(tai)(tai)陽(yang)光的(de)直接透過(guo)來(lai)(lai)完成(cheng)。人們為(wei)了更(geng)(geng)好的(de)對(dui)玻(bo)璃(li)(li)傳(chuan)(chuan)遞能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)量(liang)的(de)進程進行(xing)更(geng)(geng)好的(de)評價,能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)夠(gou)(gou)經(jing)過(guo)單位面積、單位溫(wen)差和(he)單位時(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian)內的(de)傳(chuan)(chuan)遞焦耳(er)數(shu)來(lai)(lai)斷定。焦耳(er)數(shu)越大就證(zheng)明(ming)(ming)(ming)玻(bo)璃(li)(li)的(de)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)耗損失越多,對(dui)節(jie)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)是特(te)別的(de)晦(hui)氣的(de)。為(wei)了更(geng)(geng)好的(de)測試玻(bo)璃(li)(li)幕(mu)墻(qiang)的(de)節(jie)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)效果(guo),還(huan)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)夠(gou)(gou)經(jing)過(guo)隱瞞系(xi)數(shu)來(lai)(lai)進行(xing)研(yan)討,在(zai)相(xiang)同的(de)條件(jian)下(xia),將玻(bo)璃(li)(li)組件(jian)和(he)通(tong)明(ming)(ming)(ming)的(de)玻(bo)璃(li)(li)放置在(zai)太(tai)(tai)陽(yang)光下(xia),讓(rang)太(tai)(tai)陽(yang)輻(fu)(fu)(fu)射(she)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)量(liang)經(jing)過(guo)得到(dao)輻(fu)(fu)(fu)射(she)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)量(liang)的(de)比(bi)值來(lai)(lai)斷定隱瞞系(xi)數(shu),隱瞞系(xi)數(shu)越小(xiao),闡明(ming)(ming)(ming)節(jie)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)的(de)效果(guo)更(geng)(geng)好。太(tai)(tai)陽(yang)光在(zai)經(jing)過(guo)玻(bo)璃(li)(li)照耀到(dao)房(fang)間(jian)的(de)時(shi)(shi)(shi)分,一部分太(tai)(tai)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)是直接經(jing)過(guo)的(de),另一部分會(hui)被玻(bo)璃(li)(li)幕(mu)墻(qiang)吸收(shou)然后轉化為(wei)熱(re)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng),這部分熱(re)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)會(hui)直接進入到(dao)房(fang)間(jian)內。這樣會(hui)使(shi)得房(fang)子的(de)熱(re)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)添加(jia),能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)夠(gou)(gou)使(shi)得房(fang)間(jian)內的(de)溫(wen)度上升。
4、構(gou)建玻璃幕(mu)墻存在(zai)的問(wen)題及原因
4.1玻(bo)璃(li)(li)(li)幕(mu)(mu)墻(qiang)(qiang)具有(you)著必定的(de)(de)現(xian)代(dai)感(gan)以及時(shi)代(dai)感(gan),并(bing)且玻(bo)璃(li)(li)(li)幕(mu)(mu)墻(qiang)(qiang)的(de)(de)形(xing)狀結構、色彩造(zao)(zao)型都能夠隨(sui)意變(bian)換,使得修(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)師(shi)都喜歡運用玻(bo)璃(li)(li)(li)幕(mu)(mu)墻(qiang)(qiang)來添(tian)加(jia)修(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)物的(de)(de)漂亮。可是(shi),玻(bo)璃(li)(li)(li)幕(mu)(mu)墻(qiang)(qiang)在(zai)(zai)修(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)工(gong)程(cheng)傍(bang)邊所花費(fei)(fei)的(de)(de)動(dong)力(li)(li)也(ye)(ye)在(zai)(zai)必定程(cheng)度上對我(wo)國(guo)(guo)發生了(le)困(kun)擾。我(wo)國(guo)(guo)是(shi)動(dong)力(li)(li)耗費(fei)(fei)大國(guo)(guo),動(dong)力(li)(li)的(de)(de)快速(su)耗費(fei)(fei)阻止(zhi)了(le)我(wo)國(guo)(guo)的(de)(de)經濟建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)造(zao)(zao)開展。現(xian)在(zai)(zai),在(zai)(zai)我(wo)國(guo)(guo)的(de)(de)城(cheng)市(shi)傍(bang)邊,修(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)所耗費(fei)(fei)的(de)(de)動(dong)力(li)(li)占(zhan)到了(le)整體(ti)動(dong)力(li)(li)耗費(fei)(fei)的(de)(de)四分之一(yi),并(bing)且公(gong)共(gong)修(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)動(dong)力(li)(li)的(de)(de)耗費(fei)(fei)在(zai)(zai)修(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)總動(dong)力(li)(li)耗費(fei)(fei)中(zhong)占(zhan)到了(le)大部分。我(wo)國(guo)(guo)玻(bo)璃(li)(li)(li)幕(mu)(mu)墻(qiang)(qiang)一(yi)般是(shi)構建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)在(zai)(zai)公(gong)共(gong)修(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)中(zhong),并(bing)且,玻(bo)璃(li)(li)(li)幕(mu)(mu)墻(qiang)(qiang)不能夠很好的(de)(de)運用光(guang)資(zi)源。在(zai)(zai)夏(xia)天的(de)(de)時(shi)分,玻(bo)璃(li)(li)(li)幕(mu)(mu)墻(qiang)(qiang)由于太陽輻(fu)射量高而汲取(qu)的(de)(de)熱(re)量也(ye)(ye)增大起來;在(zai)(zai)冬季(ji)的(de)(de)時(shi)分,由于室外氣溫(wen)比較低,玻(bo)璃(li)(li)(li)幕(mu)(mu)墻(qiang)(qiang)散熱(re)的(de)(de)速(su)度加(jia)快,這樣,就迫使了(le)在(zai)(zai)冬夏(xia)兩季(ji),空調的(de)(de)運用次數增多,造(zao)(zao)成了(le)我(wo)國(guo)(guo)動(dong)力(li)(li)很多的(de)(de)耗費(fei)(fei)。
4.2現(xian)在城市(shi)中玻璃幕墻隨(sui)處可(ke)見,雖然在必定程度上美化了城市(shi)的形象,可(ke)是(shi)也發生(sheng)了必定的光(guang)污(wu)(wu)染。玻璃幕墻自身具有對光(guang)線(xian)的反射效(xiao)果,影響(xiang)了車輛在公(gong)路上安全行進。第二就是(shi)玻璃幕墻在長時(shi)間的進行光(guang)線(xian)反射時(shi),人們在看向反射所(suo)構成的白光(guang)時(shi)會(hui)對視力發生(sheng)必定的影響(xiang),一起也會(hui)引(yin)起人們的某(mou)些疾病,影響(xiang)人們的心(xin)境。在一些富貴的大(da)都市(shi)傍(bang)邊,當地的城市(shi)管理(li)者(zhe)不斷的接(jie)收到市(shi)民(min)對光(guang)污(wu)(wu)染的投訴狀況。
4.3玻璃(li)幕(mu)墻(qiang)經過(guo)長時(shi)期的(de)雨打風吹,還有陽光的(de)長時(shi)間(jian)暴曬,導(dao)致玻璃(li)幕(mu)墻(qiang)的(de)安全質量功(gong)用不斷下降。因而,在(zai)有些區域如上(shang)海都以(yi)及發(fa)生了(le)許屢次的(de)幕(mu)墻(qiang)玻璃(li)爆裂、掉(diao)落(luo)的(de)現象。玻璃(li)幕(mu)墻(qiang)的(de)漂亮(liang)現已吸(xi)引不了(le)市(shi)民(min)對其的(de)喜歡(huan)感,相反卻是(shi)在(zai)走到玻璃(li)幕(mu)墻(qiang)的(de)下方時(shi),避而遠之。玻璃(li)幕(mu)墻(qiang)如不定時(shi)炸彈(dan),會隨時(shi)在(zai)市(shi)民(min)的(de)頭上(shang)爆破(po)。即便,對玻璃(li)幕(mu)墻(qiang)的(de)規劃運用年限不超越25年,也會使得玻璃(li)幕(mu)墻(qiang)的(de)耗能、安全隱患都處(chu)于一種讓人感到尷(gan)尬的(de)境(jing)地。
4.4玻(bo)璃(li)幕墻(qiang)這些問(wen)題的(de)(de)發生差不(bu)多都(dou)是由于資(zi)料(liao)的(de)(de)問(wen)題。構建玻(bo)璃(li)幕墻(qiang)首要的(de)(de)資(zi)料(liao)是玻(bo)璃(li)資(zi)料(liao),作為首要的(de)(de)外保護部(bu)分,玻(bo)璃(li)功用的(de)(de)好壞直接影(ying)響到(dao)(dao)了玻(bo)璃(li)幕墻(qiang)的(de)(de)質量的(de)(de)好壞。我國在擬定出新節能(neng)(neng)規范后,現已有(you)一部(bu)分的(de)(de)玻(bo)璃(li)幕墻(qiang)技能(neng)(neng)不(bu)能(neng)(neng)到(dao)(dao)達新節能(neng)(neng)規范。
4.5在締造玻璃(li)幕墻(qiang)的(de)(de)進程(cheng)傍邊,作(zuo)為銜(xian)(xian)接玻璃(li)的(de)(de)密(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)資料(liao)是(shi)非常重要的(de)(de),密(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)資料(liao)耐候(hou)運(yun)用時(shi)間(jian)的(de)(de)長短(duan)(duan)會對玻璃(li)幕墻(qiang)運(yun)用時(shi)間(jian)的(de)(de)長短(duan)(duan)發(fa)生必(bi)(bi)定(ding)的(de)(de)影(ying)(ying)響(xiang)(xiang)。在調(diao)研(yan)人員(yuan)針對有些城市(shi)的(de)(de)玻璃(li)幕墻(qiang)進行(xing)調(diao)查(cha)時(shi)發(fa)現(xian),有些銜(xian)(xian)接玻璃(li)的(de)(de)密(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)資料(liao)現(xian)已呈現(xian)了一系列問題,比如(ru)開裂、鋼化(hua)破損的(de)(de)現(xian)象。這(zhe)些現(xian)象的(de)(de)呈現(xian),對修建室內的(de)(de)環境發(fa)生了必(bi)(bi)定(ding)的(de)(de)影(ying)(ying)響(xiang)(xiang),也造成(cheng)了很多的(de)(de)動力的(de)(de)耗(hao)費。
5、依據(ju)既有(you)修建玻(bo)璃幕墻的節能(neng)改造辦法(fa)
5.1在(zai)(zai)(zai)建(jian)(jian)造玻(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)璃(li)(li)幕(mu)墻時(shi)(shi),能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)夠(gou)(gou)構建(jian)(jian)雙(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)層(ceng)(ceng)呼吸式(shi)幕(mu)墻。雙(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)層(ceng)(ceng)呼吸式(shi)幕(mu)墻的(de)(de)(de)(de)樹(shu)立(li)首要(yao)是(shi)(shi)依(yi)據在(zai)(zai)(zai)夏(xia)地(di)利運(yun)用(yong)(yong)(yong)“煙囪效(xiao)應”的(de)(de)(de)(de)現象,雙(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)層(ceng)(ceng)呼吸式(shi)幕(mu)墻能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)夠(gou)(gou)進(jin)行天(tian)然的(de)(de)(de)(de)通(tong)風(feng)換氣(qi),對室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)內(nei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)溫(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)起到(dao)了(le)(le)(le)有(you)用(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)下降(jiang)效(xiao)果;一起,在(zai)(zai)(zai)構建(jian)(jian)玻(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)璃(li)(li)幕(mu)墻時(shi)(shi),能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)夠(gou)(gou)裝置半通(tong)明的(de)(de)(de)(de)卷(juan)簾(lian),在(zai)(zai)(zai)夏(xia)天(tian)陽光輻射(she)強時(shi)(shi),能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)夠(gou)(gou)放下卷(juan)簾(lian),卷(juan)簾(lian)具有(you)著必定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)遮擋和反射(she)效(xiao)果,能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)夠(gou)(gou)有(you)用(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)將(jiang)大部分(fen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)陽光反射(she)消除掉(diao),這(zhe)(zhe)樣能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)夠(gou)(gou)下降(jiang)修(xiu)建(jian)(jian)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)內(nei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)溫(wen)(wen)度(du)(du),削減由(you)于(yu)降(jiang)溫(wen)(wen)而運(yun)用(yong)(yong)(yong)空(kong)調的(de)(de)(de)(de)次數,促進(jin)了(le)(le)(le)我(wo)國節(jie)約動力的(de)(de)(de)(de)意圖。在(zai)(zai)(zai)冬(dong)季(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)時(shi)(shi)分(fen),能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)夠(gou)(gou)將(jiang)雙(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)層(ceng)(ceng)呼吸式(shi)幕(mu)墻的(de)(de)(de)(de)外(wai)層(ceng)(ceng)幕(mu)墻通(tong)風(feng)口關閉,這(zhe)(zhe)樣,幕(mu)墻內(nei)部在(zai)(zai)(zai)承受陽光的(de)(de)(de)(de)長時(shi)(shi)期照耀后溫(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)逐(zhu)漸升(sheng)高,由(you)于(yu)通(tong)風(feng)口的(de)(de)(de)(de)關閉,熱量(liang)很(hen)難被耗費(fei),在(zai)(zai)(zai)必定(ding)程度(du)(du)上削減了(le)(le)(le)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)內(nei)與室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)外(wai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)溫(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)差,一起,室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)內(nei)溫(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)也不再很(hen)多(duo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)向室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)外(wai)傳(chuan)遞,起到(dao)了(le)(le)(le)必定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)保(bao)溫(wen)(wen)成效(xiao)。雙(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)層(ceng)(ceng)玻(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)璃(li)(li)幕(mu)墻的(de)(de)(de)(de)運(yun)用(yong)(yong)(yong)起到(dao)了(le)(le)(le)很(hen)好(hao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)隔聲效(xiao)果。雙(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)層(ceng)(ceng)玻(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)璃(li)(li)幕(mu)墻的(de)(de)(de)(de)隔聲效(xiao)果是(shi)(shi)非常強的(de)(de)(de)(de),在(zai)(zai)(zai)玻(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)璃(li)(li)之(zhi)間(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)空(kong)氣(qi)夾層(ceng)(ceng)中,玻(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)璃(li)(li)幕(mu)墻的(de)(de)(de)(de)隔聲功(gong)用(yong)(yong)(yong)得到(dao)了(le)(le)(le)必定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)阻止與改善。在(zai)(zai)(zai)一些城(cheng)市(shi)傍邊(bian),噪聲污染(ran)是(shi)(shi)非常嚴峻的(de)(de)(de)(de),由(you)于(yu)這(zhe)(zhe)些城(cheng)市(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)修(xiu)建(jian)(jian)都不能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)很(hen)好(hao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)進(jin)行開(kai)窗通(tong)風(feng),而在(zai)(zai)(zai)這(zhe)(zhe)種環(huan)境之(zhi)下選(xuan)用(yong)(yong)(yong)雙(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)層(ceng)(ceng)玻(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)璃(li)(li)幕(mu)墻是(shi)(shi)一個最好(hao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)挑選(xuan)。
5.2在(zai)玻(bo)璃幕墻中,陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)光(guang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)照耀也是(shi)(shi)需求處理(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)首(shou)要(yao)(yao)問題(ti),因(yin)而,要(yao)(yao)對(dui)(dui)玻(bo)璃幕墻施行(xing)(xing)必(bi)定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)遮(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)技(ji)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)。在(zai)一些(xie)夏熱冬冷的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)區域,現已廣泛的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)運用(yong)(yong)修(xiu)(xiu)建遮(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)技(ji)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)。遮(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)技(ji)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)是(shi)(shi)一項(xiang)非常(chang)重要(yao)(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)修(xiu)(xiu)建節能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)技(ji)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng),它能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)夠(gou)(gou)(gou)及時(shi)將太陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)熱量進(jin)行(xing)(xing)反射或者是(shi)(shi)吸收,對(dui)(dui)室內(nei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)溫度(du)有(you)著必(bi)定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)操控(kong)效果(guo),能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)夠(gou)(gou)(gou)在(zai)必(bi)定(ding)程度(du)上進(jin)步(bu)室內(nei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)舒適(shi)度(du)還(huan)有(you)削減空調所耗費的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)動(dong)力。在(zai)玻(bo)璃幕墻中運用(yong)(yong)遮(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)技(ji)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)首(shou)要(yao)(yao)運用(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)幾種辦法是(shi)(shi)首(shou)要(yao)(yao)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)夠(gou)(gou)(gou)選用(yong)(yong)水平遮(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)技(ji)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)。在(zai)一年傍邊,太陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)高(gao)度(du)和方(fang)(fang)位(wei)是(shi)(shi)不斷(duan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)變化和循(xun)環的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de),這(zhe)就(jiu)(jiu)需求規劃(hua)者要(yao)(yao)依(yi)據實際狀況進(jin)行(xing)(xing)規劃(hua)。在(zai)太陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)高(gao)度(du)角最大時(shi),水平遮(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)夠(gou)(gou)(gou)有(you)用(yong)(yong)地遮(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)擋了(le)所投射下來的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)光(guang);一起,在(zai)冬季(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)時(shi)分(fen),能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)夠(gou)(gou)(gou)最大的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)極限(xian)將陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)光(guang)引進(jin)房間內(nei)。第二選用(yong)(yong)垂直遮(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang),在(zai)、垂直遮(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)適(shi)用(yong)(yong)于(yu)修(xiu)(xiu)建的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)東北和西北的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)方(fang)(fang)向,能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)夠(gou)(gou)(gou)遮(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)擋斜射光(guang)纖;第三是(shi)(shi)綜(zong)合(he)式(shi)遮(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang),它關于(yu)修(xiu)(xiu)建中各種方(fang)(fang)向的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)光(guang)都有(you)著很(hen)好(hao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)隱(yin)瞞效果(guo);第四選用(yong)(yong)擋板式(shi)遮(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang),適(shi)用(yong)(yong)于(yu)在(zai)東西方(fang)(fang)向,并且是(shi)(shi)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)光(guang)很(hen)強烈的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)區域,可(ke)是(shi)(shi)它會對(dui)(dui)人(ren)們(men)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)視(shi)野以及室內(nei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)通風發生了(le)必(bi)定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)影響;最終就(jiu)(jiu)是(shi)(shi)百(bai)葉室遮(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang),它能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)夠(gou)(gou)(gou)依(yi)據人(ren)們(men)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)需求進(jin)行(xing)(xing)各種角度(du)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)調理(li),對(dui)(dui)遮(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)和采光(guang)通風都有(you)必(bi)定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)促進(jin)效果(guo)。
6、用(yong)材方面
選(xuan)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)熱(re)(re)(re)反射(she)Low-E玻(bo)(bo)璃(li)(li)(li)、中空玻(bo)(bo)璃(li)(li)(li)等。這些(xie)玻(bo)(bo)璃(li)(li)(li)在國(guo)內早有出產(chan),僅僅價(jia)格(ge)較(jiao)貴(gui),所以曾經在玻(bo)(bo)璃(li)(li)(li)幕墻(qiang)工程中較(jiao)少(shao)運用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong),如(ru)選(xuan)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)熱(re)(re)(re)反射(she)玻(bo)(bo)璃(li)(li)(li)與通明玻(bo)(bo)璃(li)(li)(li)組(zu)成的(de)中空玻(bo)(bo)璃(li)(li)(li)比一磚厚(hou)的(de)磚墻(qiang)保暖功用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)還好。運用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)鋁塑復(fu)合資料(liao)、隔(ge)(ge)熱(re)(re)(re)型(xing)材(cai)做幕墻(qiang)的(de)橫(heng)梁和立(li)柱。在選(xuan)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)隔(ge)(ge)熱(re)(re)(re)鋁型(xing)材(cai)時,如(ru)選(xuan)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)穿條工藝(yi)出產(chan),其隔(ge)(ge)熱(re)(re)(re)資料(liao)應運用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)PUR資料(liao)。別的(de)給(gei)已有的(de)幕墻(qiang)玻(bo)(bo)璃(li)(li)(li)貼(tie)膜也能有用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)下(xia)降能耗,現在市場(chang)上的(de)隔(ge)(ge)熱(re)(re)(re)安全膜能節能15%以上。
7、結構(gou)方面(mian)
選(xuan)用百(bai)(bai)葉(xie)、格柵、遮陽(yang)板等遮陽(yang)設施(shi),能(neng)夠最大(da)極限削(xue)減陽(yang)光的(de)(de)直接(jie)照耀、防止室內過熱,然后到達(da)更好(hao)的(de)(de)隔(ge)熱節能(neng)效果。遮陽(yang)百(bai)(bai)葉(xie)有(you)水平百(bai)(bai)葉(xie)和垂直百(bai)(bai)葉(xie),分手控、電動(dong)及可調理(li)百(bai)(bai)葉(xie)體系。依(yi)據修建風格及需求,可選(xuan)用不同形式、操(cao)控方法(fa)的(de)(de)遮陽(yang)體系。
由(you)表里兩層(ceng)(ceng)玻璃幕(mu)(mu)(mu)墻(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)組成的(de)通風式(shi)幕(mu)(mu)(mu)墻(qiang)(qiang)(qiang),又稱雙層(ceng)(ceng)幕(mu)(mu)(mu)墻(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)、呼(hu)吸式(shi)幕(mu)(mu)(mu)墻(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)、熱通道幕(mu)(mu)(mu)墻(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)。表里兩層(ceng)(ceng)幕(mu)(mu)(mu)墻(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)之(zhi)間構成一(yi)個通風換氣層(ceng)(ceng),由(you)于此換氣層(ceng)(ceng)中空氣的(de)流通或循環效果(guo),使(shi)內層(ceng)(ceng)幕(mu)(mu)(mu)墻(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)的(de)溫(wen)度挨近室內溫(wen)度,減小溫(wen)差(cha),它比傳統的(de)幕(mu)(mu)(mu)墻(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)采(cai)暖時(shi)節約(yue)動力42%-52%,制冷時(shi)節約(yue)動力38%-60%。
智能(neng)(neng)幕墻(qiang)是(shi)通(tong)風式幕墻(qiang)的延伸,是(shi)在智能(neng)(neng)化(hua)修(xiu)(xiu)建的基礎上對(dui)修(xiu)(xiu)建配套技能(neng)(neng)(暖、熱、光(guang)、電)適(shi)度操控(kong),經過(guo)計算機有用調理室內空氣、溫度和光(guang)線,其修(xiu)(xiu)建能(neng)(neng)耗只相當(dang)于傳(chuan)統幕墻(qiang)的30%。
光(guang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)幕墻(qiang)的(de)根本(ben)單元為光(guang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)板,光(guang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)板是(shi)由若(ruo)干個光(guang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)進行(xing)串(chuan)、并(bing)聯組合(he)而成的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)陣(zhen)列(lie),將電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)陣(zhen)列(lie)放入兩層玻(bo)璃(li)中(上(shang)層為通明玻(bo)璃(li),基(ji)層顏色恣意)用鑄膜樹脂熱(re)固而成,在光(guang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)板背面接線盒和導線,這樣就能夠(gou)將太陽能轉化(hua)為電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能為人們(men)所運(yun)用。一般狀況下,此種(zhong)幕墻(qiang)的(de)立柱和橫梁選(xuan)用隔熱(re)鋁型材(cai)。
8、定論
在我(wo)國(guo)現階(jie)段,首要以運用與經(jing)濟(ji)(ji)開展水平相適應的節能技能為主,切不可為片面追(zhui)求(qiu)低能耗方針而不管經(jing)濟(ji)(ji)本(ben)錢(qian)。一起重(zhong)視(shi)太陽能、風能、地熱能等可再(zai)生天然能技能的研(yan)討和開發,下降可再(zai)生動力的運用本(ben)錢(qian),逐(zhu)漸(jian)從大城市(shi)和經(jing)濟(ji)(ji)比(bi)較發達區域向全國(guo)推廣運用,完成我(wo)國(guo)修建節能既(ji)定方針。